What Is Mobile Network And How
Does It Work?
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Mobile networks have
become the backbone of telecommunications in recent years, with the widespread
adoption of cell phones, tablets, and other mobile devices. The technologies
that power the networks continue to evolve and advance along with the equipment
consumers use to connect with them.
A
Web of Connected Cells
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Mobile networks are also
known as cellular networks. They're made up of "cells" that connect
to one another and to telephone switches or exchanges. These cells are areas of
land that are typically hexagonal, have at least one transceiver, and use
various radio frequencies. These transceivers are the cell towers that have
become ubiquitous in our electronically connected world. They connect to each
other to hand off packets of signals—data, voice, and text—ultimately bringing
these signals to mobile devices such as phones and tablets that act as
receivers. Providers use each others' towers in many areas, creating a complex
web that offers the widest possible network coverage to subscribers.
Frequencies
**********
The frequencies of mobile
networks can be used by many network subscribers at the same time. Cell tower
sites and mobile devices manipulate the frequencies so that they can use
low-power transmitters to supply their services with the least possible
interference.
Leading
Mobile Network Providers
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Cellular service
providers in the U.S. are many, ranging from small, regional companies to
large, well-known players in the telecommunications field. These include
Verizon Wireless, AT&T, T-Mobile, US Cellular, and Sprint. In our country
Ethio Telecom is one of it.
Types
of Mobile Networks
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Different types of mobile
technologies are used to provide mobile network services to users. The large
service providers vary as to which they use, so mobile devices typically are
built to use the technology of the intended carrier. GSM phones don't work on
CDMA networks, and vice versa.
The most commonly used
radio systems are GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) and CDMA (Code
Division Multiple Access). As of September 2017, Verizon, Sprint, and US
Cellular use CDMA. AT&T, T-Mobile, and most other providers around the
world use GSM, making it the most widely used mobile network technology. LTE
(Long-Term Evolution) is based on GSM and offers greater network capacity and
speed.
Which
Are Better: GSM or CDMA Mobile Networks?
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Signal reception, call
quality, and speed depend on many factors. The user's location, service
provider, and equipment all play a role. GSM and CDMA don't differ much on
quality, but the way they work does.
From a consumer
standpoint, GSM is more convenient because a GSM phone carries all the
customer's data on a removable SIM card; to change phones, the customer simply
swaps the SIM card into the new GSM phone, and it connects to the provider's
GSM network. A GSM network must accept any GSM-compliant phone, leaving
consumers quite a bit of freedom over their choices in equipment. CDMA phones, on the other
hand, aren't as easily swapped around. Carriers identify subscribers based on
"whitelists," not SIM cards, and only approved phones are allowed on
their networks.
Some CDMA phones do have SIM cards, but these are for the
purpose of connecting to LTE networks or for flexibility when the phone is used
outside of the U.S. GSM wasn't available in the mid 1990s when some networks
switched from analog to digital, so they locked into CDMA—at the time, the most
advanced mobile network technology.
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